Study 1: 1 Corinthians 1:1-17

• How does Paul demonstrate in 1:1-9 that Christ is involved in the Corinthians’ past, present and future?
• On what basis were the Corinthian Christians creating divisions, and why was this so destructive (1:10-17)?

‘Go to any church where two preachers have worked side by side or in quick succession, and you will find people comparing them. That’s natural, but how easily it can pass into factions and rivalry. It’s a sobering thought that the church faced such division in its very earliest years. People sometimes talk as if first-generation Christianity enjoyed a pure, untroubled honeymoon period, after which things became more difficult; but there’s no evidence for this in the New Testament. Right from the start Paul found himself not only announcing the gospel of Jesus but struggling to hols together in a single family those who had obeyed its summons.’ – NT Wright

• What issues do churches divide over today, and with what negative results?
• What is the way forward? How can we be united? What are we to agree on? 

Study 2: 1 Corinthians 1:18-31

One of the themes of Paul’s first letter to the Corinthians is that the message of the cross is madness to those who are perishing, but to those who are being saved, it is God’s power (1Corinthians 1:18).

• Why might people in the first century have resisted the truth that a crucified Jewish Messiah is now Lord of the world?
• Why is this message still a stumbling block to many today?
• Talk about God’s folly that is wiser than human wisdom and God’s weakness that is stronger than human strength (1Corinthians 1:25). 
• Where do you notice God continuing to choose the foolish and weak things of the world to shame the wise? (1Corinthians 1:27-28)
• In what ways does this abolish the power of the ‘strong’?
• How does it nullify anyone from boasting in God’s presence or saying, ‘I got here all on my own’

Study 3: 1 Corinthians 2:1-16

• How would you characterise Paul’s approach to the Corinthians in 2:1-5?
• Think about those people who persuaded you or helped you to first put your faith in Christ. How did they (perhaps unknowingly) follow Paul’s example with the Corinthians?

Many try to penetrate to the deepest mysteries of the world. Paul declares that God’s hidden plan for the world has at last been unveiled in and through Jesus the Messiah.

• Why did the rulers of Jesus’ time fail to understand who Jesus was (2:6-13)?
• How would you identify a mature Christian?

Hearing Paul’s letter to this point, the Corinthians were perhaps glad that Paul seemed to have forgotten or left behind the issue he started with in verse 10, fighting among factions in the church. If so they were in for a shock, because the discussion about wisdom and maturity was preparing the way to come back to the point.

• Read 1 Corinthians 2:14-3:4. Why does strife among Christians reflect spiritual immaturity?
• If freedom from jealousy and quarrelling (3:3) is a mark of Christian maturity, how would you evaluate your own maturity in Christ?
• By the same standard, how mature is our church or GC?

Study 4: 1 Corinthians 3:1-23

• How does jealousy and quarreling evidence living in an ‘old way’, over against living as transformed people in whom God’s Spirit has come to dwell? In what way does discovering a new way to be human transform our thinking and behaviour? Share examples from your own life.
• Talk about Paul’s metaphors for God’s people as his farm, building, and temple (1Corinthians 3:9, 16-17). What are some implications for church planting, evangelism, or teaching and preaching?
• In 3:12-17 it is possible to build a church wisely and with the right materials. It is also possible to build badly or with the wrong materials. What makes the difference in the 2 of the test by fire? What are examples of this? In what ways might you need to take your leadership role more seriously?
• Paul teaches, ‘If anyone of you assumes you are wise, let them become foolish so they can become wise’ (1Corinthians 3:18). How might this help us from deceiving ourselves in ministry? What does it mean to learn ‘God’s folly’ at the foot of the cross?

Study 5: 1 Corinthians 4:1-21

• Describe what it means to be servants of the Messiah and household managers of God’s mysteries (4:1)? What is the main qualification? How does this impact your understanding of ministry or mission?
• Why does Paul say (4:3) that he isn’t concerned with the judgment or criticism he might receive from people?
• In 4:6-7, Paul warns against pride and getting puffed-up, phusioo—swollen with a sense of self-importance. Why is there no place for pride in Christian ministry? What are the dangers of becoming puffed-up? Talk about the relevance of Paul’s warning for the church today. What are some practical implications for your own life?
• What does Paul mean when he says that, ‘God has put us apostles on display at the end of the procession’ (1Corinthians 4:9). How is this an example of applying his theology of the cross to the ministry of the cross?
• Offer your reflections on what it means to be ‘fools for Christ’s sake’ (4:10). What are some of the practical examples Paul describes for living the ‘Messiah-way’ of life? Share some examples from your own life and ministry.

Study 7: 1 Corinthians 5:1-13

Read 1 Corinthians 5. This passage raises 2 issues that we’ll be looking at for the next few weeks, mostly involving sex. First where the lines are to be drawn and second, what kind of discipline is appropriate in cases of severe misbehaviour?

• What was the sex scandal in the Corinthians church and why was it so outrageous (5:1)?
• How had the church responded to this man? And why does this concern Paul even more (5:2)

Paul uses the phrase ‘the satan’ rarely. It’s a Jewish term for the devil meaning ‘the accuser.’ To put someone out of the community is to expel them from the sphere of the Messiah and send them back into the sphere in which satan holds sway.

• Why do you think Paul urges the community to take such extreme disciplinary measures?
• What harm is done to a church body when they tolerate open sin among their members?

In 1Corinthians 5:6 Paul says, ‘Your boasting is not good…a little leaven works its way through the whole lump of dough’. He uses Passover language and encourages them to be a ‘new lump’ as they are ‘unleavened’ (v7).

• What does leaven metaphorically represent? What are the connections and conclusions Paul is drawing?
• How on a human level, is sexual permissiveness often destructive to people and relationships?

Read Matthew 5:15-20.

• How do these 2 passages (1 Corinthians 5 and Matthew 18:15-20) give us an approach to church discipline?
• What changes of behaviour have you had to make because you belong to Christ? Have you experienced or applied church discipline? What was it like? What was outcome?

Study 8: 1 Corinthians 6:1-11

• What is Paul’s reasoning for forbidding Christians to take each other to court (6:1-8)?

Note: In the ancient world lawsuits within the family were rare because one’s family was understood as natural allies that were bound together.

From time to time in our own day it happens that church people, sometimes those in leadership, are taken to court by one another. It gets into the news media and the gossips have a field day at the church’s expense. A public dispute between Christians is a sign that Christians are really no different from everybody else. And 1 Corinthians is all about the fact that Christians are different from everybody else, and if they’re not, they might as well not bother calling themselves Christians in the first place. 

• Where in church – even in our church – are we behaving in such a way that we are shaming the gospel in the eyes of the world?
• What does it look like to be part of God’s kingdom people (6:9-11)?

Many in today’s world have drunk so deeply from the ‘anything goes’ culture that they find the mere suggestion of moral restrictions on sexual behaviour (such as mentioned in 6:9-11) surprising and even offensive. Paul is not suggesting that sexual error is worse than any other kind. Nor is he saying that God has an arbitrary list of rules and if you break them you won’t get in. Rather, he’s saying that if we believe in God’s kingdom, and buy into that vision (in other words, if we are truly people of faith), we will repent of behaviour that is contrary to God’s kingdom.

• How, even on a human level, is sexual permissiveness destructive to people and relationships?
• ‘This list (v9-10) shows us some of the boundary issues where church discipline will come into play.’ Comment on this idea. How does this help us when speaking to our friends?
• What do you make of the idea that we are not to judge those outside the church on these things.

Read v11 again. How does the understanding in this verse help us to leave these listed practices behind?

Study 9: 1 Corinthians 6:12-20

In 1 Corinthians 6:12, Paul seems to be quoting a well-known slogan on permissibility: ‘All things are lawful for me.’ Paul then counters with his own statement that ‘not all things are helpful.’ The point is that the gospel does not give free permission to live in sin. Paul then gives a theologically rich vision of the body.

• How does he describe the human body in terms of Jesus? The Spirit? The temple? (look at all of v12-20)
• The resurrection also factors into Paul’s teaching. How?

In v16, Paul challenges the idea of sex with a prostitute (and by extension, all sexual immorality)

• Explain his argument.

In v18, Paul teaches that—contrary to much popular teaching today—sexual sin is not just like any other sins.

• How is it that sexual sin is ‘against’ the body while other sins are ‘outside’ the body?
• Paul says, ‘Flee from sexual immorality.’ What form should this running away take?

RC Sproul says in his book, The Intimate Marriage –
The marriage state is an image of my relationship to God in a profound way. Both my relationship to God and my relationship to my wife involve a covenant structure in which mutual parties are bound to each other by commitment, sealed with oaths, both involve knowing intimacy, both create a place where I can be naked and unashamed. In marriage, I enter the most intimate of all human relationships. It involves risk. But if it’s to work, I must be naked. And if I expose myself utterly and discover that my wife is seeing all that I am spiritually, emotionally, and physically and understands who I am and still loves me, then I experience at the human level something of the most deep and profound love of all. God has seen all of me. In Christ he accepts me and gives himself to me.

• How does this help us flee sexual immorality?